Cook Islands (2006)

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Cook Islands 2006 year


Administrative divisions	none
Age structure	0-14 years: 34.1% (male 2,718/female 2,388) 15-64 years: 59.5% (male 4,531/female 4,395) 65 years and over: 6.4% (male 489/female 469) (2001 census)
Agriculture - products	copra, citrus, pineapples, tomatoes, beans, pawpaws, bananas, yams, taro, coffee; pigs, poultry
Airports	9 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 7 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 4 under 914 m: 1 (2006)
Area	total: 236.7 sq km land: 236.7 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	1.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Named after Captain COOK, who sighted them in 1770, the islands became a British protectorate in 1888. By 1900, administrative control was transferred to New Zealand; in 1965 residents chose self-government in free association with New Zealand. The emigration of skilled workers to New Zealand and government deficits are continuing problems.
Birth rate	21 births/1,000 population (2001 census)
Budget	revenues: $70.95 million expenditures: $69.05 million; including capital expenditures of $5.744 million (FY00/01 est.)
Capital	name: Avarua geographic coordinates: 21 12 S, 159 46 W time difference: UTC-10 (5 hours behind Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	tropical oceanic; moderated by trade winds; a dry season from April to November and a more humid season from December to March
Coastline	120 km
Constitution	4 August 1965
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Cook Islands former: Harvey Islands
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population
Debt - external	$141 million (1996 est.)
Dependency status	self-governing in free association with New Zealand; Cook Islands is fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense, in consultation with the Cook Islands
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (self-governing in free association with New Zealand)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (self-governing in free association with New Zealand)
Disputes - international	none
Economic aid - recipient	$13.1 million; note - New Zealand continues to furnish the greater part (1995)
Economy - overview	Like many other South Pacific island nations, the Cook Islands' economic development is hindered by the isolation of the country from foreign markets, the limited size of domestic markets, lack of natural resources, periodic devastation from natural disasters, and inadequate infrastructure. Agriculture, employing about 70% of the working population, provides the economic base with major exports made up of copra and citrus fruit. Black pearls are the Cook Island's leading export. Manufacturing activities are limited to fruit processing, clothing, and handicrafts. Trade deficits are offset by remittances from emigrants and by foreign aid, overwhelmingly from New Zealand. In the 1980s and 1990s, the country lived beyond its means, maintaining a bloated public service and accumulating a large foreign debt. Subsequent reforms, including the sale of state assets, the strengthening of economic management, the encouragement of tourism, and a debt restructuring agreement, have rekindled investment and growth.
Electricity - consumption	34.46 million kWh (2005 est.)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - production	28 million kWh (2003)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Te Manga 652 m
Environment - current issues	NA
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups	Cook Island Maori (Polynesian) 87.7%, part Cook Island Maori 5.8%, other 6.5% (2001 census)
Exchange rates	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 1.4203 (2005), 1.5087 (2004), 1.7221 (2003), 2.1622 (2002), 2.3788 (2001)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Frederick GOODWIN (since 9 February 2001); New Zealand High Commissioner John BRYAN (since 6 September 2005), representative of New Zealand head of government: Prime Minister Jim MARURAI (since 14 December 2004); Deputy Prime Minister Terepai MAOATE (since 9 August 2005) cabinet: Cabinet chosen by the prime minister; collectively responsible to Parliament elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the UK representative is appointed by the monarch; the New Zealand high commissioner is appointed by the New Zealand Government; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually becomes prime minister
Exports	0 kWh (2003)
Exports	$5.222 million (2005)
Exports	NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities	copra, papayas, fresh and canned citrus fruit, coffee; fish; pearls and pearl shells; clothing
Exports - partners	Australia 34%, Japan 27%, New Zealand 25%, US 8% (2004)
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March
Flag description	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and a large circle of 15 white five-pointed stars (one for every island) centered in the outer half of the flag
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 15.1% industry: 9.6% services: 75.3% (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	0.1% (2005 est.)
Geographic coordinates	21 14 S, 159 46 W
Geography - note	the northern Cook Islands are seven low-lying, sparsely populated, coral atolls; the southern Cook Islands, where most of the population lives, consist of eight elevated, fertile, volcanic isles, including the largest, Rarotonga, at 67 sq km
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	0 kWh (2003)
Imports	$81.04 million (2005)
Imports	NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities	foodstuffs, textiles, fuels, timber, capital goods
Imports - partners	New Zealand 61%, Fiji 19%, US 9%, Australia 6%, Japan 2% (2004)
Independence	none (became self-governing in free association with New Zealand on 4 August 1965 and has the right at any time to move to full independence by unilateral action)
Industrial production growth rate	1% (2002)
Industries	fruit processing, tourism, fishing, clothing, handicrafts
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	2.1% (2005 est.)
International organization participation	ACP, AsDB, FAO, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IFAD, IFRCS, IOC, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WMO
Irrigated land	NA
Judicial branch	High Court
Labor force	6,820 (2001)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture: 29% industry: 15% services: 56% (1995)
Land boundaries	0 km
Land use	arable land: 16.67% permanent crops: 8.33% other: 75% (2005)
Languages	English (official), Maori
Legal system	based on New Zealand law and English common law
Legislative branch	bicameral Parliament consisting of a lower house or Legislative Assembly with 25 seats (24 seats representing districts of the Cook Islands and one seat representing Cook Islanders living overseas; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) and an upper house or House of Ariki made up of traditional leaders elections: last held 26 September 2006 (next to be held by 2011) election results: percent of vote by party - Demo 51.9%, CIP 45.5%, independent 2.7%; seats by party - Demo 15, CIP 8, independent 1 note: the House of Ariki advises on traditional matters and maintains considerable influence, but has no legislative powers
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA male: NA female: NA
Literacy	definition: NA total population: 95% male: NA% female: NA%
Location	Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Map references	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
Merchant marine	total: 6 ships (1000 GRT or over) 48,422 GRT/51,900 DWT by type: cargo 2, petroleum tanker 1, refrigerated cargo 3 foreign-owned: 5 (Norway 1, NZ 1, Sweden 3) (2006)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand, in consultation with the Cook Islands and at its request
Military branches	no regular military forces; Ministry of Police and Disaster Management (2005)
National holiday	Constitution Day, first Monday in August (1965)
Nationality	noun: Cook Islander(s) adjective: Cook Islander
Natural hazards	typhoons (November to March)
Natural resources	NEGL
People - note	2001 census counted a resident population of 15,017
Political parties and leaders	Cook Islands Party or CIP [Henry PUNA]; Democratic Party or Demo [Dr. Terepai MAOATE]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA
Population	21,388 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%
Population growth rate	-1.2% between 1996-2001 (2001 census)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (2004)
Religions	Cook Islands Christian Church 55.9%, Roman Catholic 16.8%, Seventh-Day Adventists 7.9%, Church of Latter Day Saints 3.8%, other Protestant 5.8%, other 4.2%, unspecified 2.6%, none 3% (2001 census)
Sex ratio	107 male(s)/female (2001 census)
Suffrage	NA years of age; universal adult
Telephone system	general assessment: Telecom Cook Islands offers international direct dialing, Internet, email, fax, and Telex domestic: the individual islands are connected by a combination of satellite earth stations, microwave systems, and VHF and HF radiotelephone; within the islands, service is provided by small exchanges connected to subscribers by open-wire, cable, and fiber-optic cable international: country code - 682; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	6,200 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	1,500 (2002)
Television broadcast stations	1 (outer islands receive satellite broadcasts) (2004)
Terrain	low coral atolls in north; volcanic, hilly islands in south
Total fertility rate	3.1 children born/woman (2001 census)
Unemployment rate	13.1% (2005)

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